Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae), commonly known as ‘Guduchi’, is a robust climber with greenish yellow flowers and having a number of bioactive compounds such as berberine, palmatine, magnoflorine, syringin, furanolactone, jatrorrhizine with high medicinal activity. Extracts of T. cordifolia reported to have anti-oxidant, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activities. Present study deals with an investigation on isolation of secondary metabolites from bark in methanolic extracts and evaluation of its cytotoxic potential on Allium cepa root meristems. Three concentrations (20μg, 40μg and 100μg) of crude extracts of T. cordifolia were studied under 6h and 24h of treatment on root meristematic tissues. The cytotoxic compounds present in the bark extracts brought about significant reduction of mitotic index in 24h of treatment at 20 μg ml-1, 40μg ml-1 and 100 μg ml-1 concentrations as compared to control. Different cytological abnormalities like clumping of chromosomes, DNA fragmentation, spindle arrest with scattered chromosomes, chromatin condensation, diplochromatin chromosome erosion, denucleation and chromosome break were observed. The preliminary investigation showed that this plant-derived bioactive compounds can destroy the cells at micromolar concentration and hence may be a potential drug for treatment of cancer.
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