Fast chlorophyll a fluorescence is a useful tool for non destructive analytical use of plant material and relative quantification of plant efficiency under various environmental conditions. The fast fluorescence rise, OJIP, in response to an exposure to a high intensity of saturating pulse (ca 3000 ìmol photon/m2s) is very effective in characterizing the Z-scheme components of the light reaction of photosynthesis in general and of PS II in particular. Various derived parameters, calculated from the peaks of the OJIP transient have been successfully used to analyze the action of biotic and abiotic stresses on the photosynthetic activity of plants. The derived fluorescence parameters precisely determine the site of action of various stressors on non cyclic electron transport chain and the information, so obtained, are applied to minimize the effect of stress on plants as well as to design plants to adapt to such stress situations. The OJIP transient patterns in general and PS II fluorescence in particular are altered by the action of insecticides on plants at field and higher concentrations. Different insecticides have different sites of action on the photosynthetic membrane, which is analysed by the magnitude of changes in various derived fluorescence parameters. This review presents the application of OJIP fluorescence analysis for quick and effective determination of the action of insecticides on photosynthesis.
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